The Shah understood that foreign backing—especially from the United States—could help him counter internal threats while pursuing his modernization agenda. The Soviet Union’s interest had not disappeared after the end of World War II. Moscow continued to exert covert influence through parties, unions, and regional autonomy movements. Northern remained a sensitive frontier. The Shah’s message to American policymakers was clear: without strong allies, could become a battleground for Cold War competition.
At the same time, Britain still dominated oil industry through the Anglo Oil Company (AIOC). The Shah believed that diversifying foreign partners—particularly bringing the U.S. into economic landscape—would reduce British influence and give more leverage. Foreign diplomats often remarked on Mohammad Reza Shah’s polished manners, quiet confidence, and calculated diplomacy. Though young, he presented himself with a mix of royal formality and Western-influenced refinement.
