Mr. Raisi’s supporters also cited his résumé as a staunch conservative, his promises to combat corruption, which many blame as much for the country’s deep economic misery as American sanctions, and what they said was his commitment to leveling inequality. Hundreds of Raisi voters gathered in Imam Hussain Square in a working-class district of eastern Tehran evening to celebrate the victory, waving flags as a singer and a boys’ choir sang patriotic anthems to the crowd.