Sadat and Begin were jointly awarded the 1978 Nobel Peace Prize for their efforts. The treaty, however, was rejected by many in the Arab world, including the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt, which felt that the president had abandoned efforts to ensure a Palestinian state. Sadat’s refusal to consult with other Arab nations before making a separate peace with Israel resulted in Egypt being suspended from the Arab League from 1979 to 1989. Tensions increased within Egypt as Islamists called for an overthrow of the president, and the country was marked by riots. Sadat ordered a major crackdown on opposition leaders after a failed military coup in June 1981.
