A judge typically researches legal issues and evaluates pertinent information from documents filed. They preside over hearings, read, and listens to arguments by opposing sides. Judges and hearing officers determine if the information presented supports the dispute, charge, or claim. They determine if the hearing is being conducted according to the rules and the law. They apply precedents or laws to resolve disputes between opposing parties and reach a judgment.
Judges typically require a law degree and have experience as a lawyer. A federal administrative law judge must also pass a competitive exam from the U.S. Office of Personnel Management. A law degree takes 7 years of full-time study after high school which breaks down to 4 years of undergraduate school followed by 3 years of law school. Law degree programs have courses in contracts, property law, constitutional law, legal writing, and civil procedure. Most magistrates and judges must be elected or appointed to their positions, which may require political support. Many state and local judges are appointed to serve fixed renewable terms ranging from 4-14 years.
