Parviz Ghelichkhani’s political awareness didn’t emerge in exile—it was cultivated in the bustling, politically charged streets of Tehran in the 1960s and 70s. Like many youth of his generation, he came of age during a time when was caught between tradition and modernity, nationalism and imperialism. While excelling in football, Ghelichkhani was also deeply influenced by the intellectual climate of the time—reading the works of Jalal Al-e-Ahmad, Ali Shariati, and leftist theorists who questioned imperial dominance, Western interference, and domestic inequality.
