[custom_adv] The 1357 Revolution , or the 1979 Revolution of Bahman 57, was carried out on February 11, 1979, with the participation of various classes of people, and overthrow the Pahlavi monarchy, and provided the basis for the establishment of the Islamic Republic under the leadership of the Shiite Imam Ali (PBUH), Rouhollah Khomeini. Made The thoughts and personalities of Islam in this anti-revolutionary revolution were prominent, and Khomeini called it the Islamic Revolution. [custom_adv] In addition to Islamism, various ideologies such as socialism, liberalism, and nationalism were also present in the revolution. At the same time, this revolution is the first revolution that won Islamism in the Middle East. This revolution was the last instance of the classical revolution of the twentieth century, which came to an end with ideological discourses that were coherent, nonviolent, and incompatible. In this revolution, even a significant part of the secular intellectuals and the left, also saw themselves as Khomeini. [custom_adv] After the coup of August 28, 1332, Mohammad Reza Shah asserted his power and implemented plans called the White Revolution, the main axis of which was the reform of the land. The implementation of these projects and the multiplication of oil revenues increased the economic development and transformation of Iran's social structure while increasing class disagreements and social tensions in the 1940s and 1350s. [custom_adv] By shielding its security and intelligence measures against the suppression of the new middle class and nationalist, Marxist and secular parties, the Shah confiscated himself against the new Islamic militant clerics and thinkers. The White Revolution and its land reform, as well as its support for the governments of the United States and Israel, were opposed by clerics, especially Khomeini. [custom_adv] During this period, part of the intellectual circle of Iran (including Ali Shariati) left a political and revolutionary interpretation of Shi'a as an ideology of liberation in the minds of the people, especially students and students. [custom_adv] Khomeini, in his years of exile, although calling for the creation of an Islamic state led by the jurists instead of the hereditary monarchy, was more concerned with the disadvantages of the regime and issues that caused dissatisfaction with the masses of the Muslim people of Iran. During this period, a number of Marxist and Islamist guerrilla organizations were formed that believed in the armed struggle with the regime. Eventually, conservative and non-political marketers and clerics joined the ranks of the opposition with the tense policies of the Rastakhiz Party on the market and religion in the mid-1350s. [custom_adv] During this period, a number of Marxist and Islamist guerrilla organizations were formed that believed in the armed struggle with the regime. Eventually, conservative and non-political marketers and clerics joined the ranks of the opposition with the tense policies of the Rastakhiz Party on the market and religion in the mid-1350s. [custom_adv] The tensions and dissatisfaction with the openness of the political atmosphere in 1356, due to the pressures of the US government and human rights organizations, came to light from the fall and winter of that year as a street demonstration. Protesters used political exploitation of Shiite traditions such as the 40th Victims of the Protest. [custom_adv] Events such as the Rex Abadan cinema fire catastrophe, the massacre of protesters in a number of demonstrations (including in the Black Friday event In September), and late Shah's privileges for the opposition, aggravated the protests and lost the possibility of conciliation. [custom_adv] The recession led to mass strikes and the annexation of the working class to demonstrations and, as a result, paralyzed the country's economy. By joining the workers and the urban poor in the demonstrations, the scope of the protests came from tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands or even millions. [custom_adv] Finally, Rouhollah Khomeini, on January 23, established the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Council for revolutionary guidance, and the day after The king went out of the country. [custom_adv] Eventually, with the departure of the Shah and the failure of the government of the national prime minister Shapur Bakhtiar, the return of Khomeini to the country on February 12, the formation of the interim government of Iran to the PM of Mehdi Bazargan on February 15, and finally two days of armed struggle of guerrilla organizations and thousands of armed volunteers with the Imperial Guard and The declaration of the impartiality of the army on February 22, 1357, won the revolution. [custom_adv] In the years after the revolution, there were other events such as hostage taking at the US Embassy, the Iraqi invasion of Iran, the Cultural Revolution and the suppression of other political organizations with a different ideology than the central government.
