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Khomeini, in his years of exile, although calling for the creation of an Islamic state led by the jurists instead of the hereditary monarchy, was more concerned with the disadvantages of the regime and issues that caused dissatisfaction with the masses of the Muslim people of Iran. During this period, a number of Marxist and Islamist guerrilla organizations were formed that believed in the armed struggle with the regime. Eventually, conservative and non-political marketers and clerics joined the ranks of the opposition with the tense policies of the Rastakhiz Party on the market and religion in the mid-1350s.
