Gholam Reza Pahlavi married Homa Alam, the daughter of Dr. Amir Alam, in 1947. They had two children, Mehrnaz and Bahman; Mehrnaz died during childhood. The couple later separated. On March 6, 1962, Gholam Reza married Manijeh Jahanbani (born 1941), the daughter of Lieutenant General Mansour Jahanbani. They had three children: Azar Dokht, Maryam, and Bahram. In total, he had two daughters and two sons, as well as one grandchild.
He had been suffering from lymphatic cancer since 1996. He was the last surviving child of Reza Shah Pahlavi and died in the early hours of Sunday, May 7, 2017, at the age of nearly 94, in a hospital in Paris. The cause of his death was reported as old age. He was buried at Thiais Cemetery in Paris, next to the tomb of his mother, Queen Turan. Farah Pahlavi, the former Empress, also attended his funeral.

